Ficus racemosa

No common name set

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Moraceae

English:Cluster fig tree
Hindi:Gular
Tamil:Vellai Athi
Ficus racemosa specimen

Main specimen

Habit

Ficus racemosa is a fast-growing deciduous tree, medium size up to 10 m in height. 
It has a crooked trunk and a spreading crown. 
Opposite to other species of its family, Ficus racemosa does not grow aerial roots.

Ficus racemosa habit of a young specimen

Ficus racemosa habit of a young specimen

Ficus racemosa habit of a young specimen

Ficus racemosa habit of a young specimen

Ficus racemosa habit

Ficus racemosa habit

Stem Bark

The bark of Ficus racemosa is white-brown in colour. It is smooth, coarsely flaky and fibrous. 
The twigs and stems exude a milky latex when broken.
The young shoots and twigs have fine white hairs and show numerous growth scars.

Ficus racemosa white flaky bark

Ficus racemosa white flaky bark

Ficus racemosa main stem

Ficus racemosa main stem

Ficus racemosa bark texture

Ficus racemosa bark texture

Ficus racemosa young stem with multiple leaf buds and leaf scars

Ficus racemosa young stem with multiple leaf buds and leaf scars

Ficus racemosa young stem with pronounced growth scars

Ficus racemosa young stem with pronounced growth scars

Leaf

The leaves of Ficus racemosa are simple, with an alternate arrangement on twigs. 
The size of the leaf is large, more than 5 cm. 
The leaves are very rough. 
The leaves are lanceolate, and pubescent. 
The leaves and stems exude a white latex when broken.

Ficus racemosa alternate leaves

Ficus racemosa alternate leaves

Ficus racemosa young leaf

Ficus racemosa young leaf

Ficus racemosa young leaves on stem

Ficus racemosa young leaves on stem

Ficus racemosa alternate young leaves

Ficus racemosa alternate young leaves

Ficus racemosa leaf bud

Ficus racemosa leaf bud

Ficus racemosa bunch of leaves

Ficus racemosa bunch of leaves

Ficus racemosa central leaf bud

Ficus racemosa central leaf bud

Ficus racemosa leaf (upper side)

Ficus racemosa leaf (upper side)

Ficus racemosa leaf (lower side)

Ficus racemosa leaf (lower side)

Flower

The flowers of Ficus racemosa are enclosed within the inflorescence structure formed by the fig, which is also known as synconia. 
The fig is actually a compartment carrying hundreds of flowers. 
The figs, sub-globose to pyriform, are borne in clusters on the trunk and branchlets, attached by a peduncle less than 1 cm long. 
The flowers are unisexual, of 3 kinds: male, female and gale flower. 
The flowers are pollinated by very small wasps that crawl through the opening in search of a suitable place to lay eggs. 

Ficus racemosa fig cut open showing the male, female and gale flowers hosting the pollinator wasps

Ficus racemosa fig cut open showing the male, female and gale flowers hosting the pollinator wasps

Ficus racemosa flowers inside the fig

Ficus racemosa flowers inside the fig

Ficus racemosa pollinator wasps

Ficus racemosa pollinator wasps

Fruit

The fruits of Ficus racemosa are the figs also known as synconium (or synconia in plural). 
The shape of each fig is depressed sub-globose or pyriform (shape of a pear). 
The fruits grow in clusters, directly out of the trunk of the tree, referred as the botanical term cauliflory. 
The size of each fig is between 1 to 3 cm, green in colour turning red when ripe.

Ficus racemosa fruits in clusters growing out of the trunk

Ficus racemosa fruits in clusters growing out of the trunk

Ficus racemosa cluster of fruits

Ficus racemosa cluster of fruits

Ficus racemosa figs in different stages of ripening

Ficus racemosa figs in different stages of ripening

Ficus racemosa ripe fig cut open in length

Ficus racemosa ripe fig cut open in length

Seed

The seeds of Ficus racemosa are enclosed inside the fig. 
They are lenticular, less than 1 mm in size.

Ficus racemosa seeds

Ficus racemosa seeds

Ficus racemosa seeds washed and dry

Ficus racemosa seeds washed and dry

Ficus racemosa seeds attached to the fig

Ficus racemosa seeds attached to the fig

Source

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